Surgical Science and the Evolution of Critical Care Medicine

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA.
• ² Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
• ³ Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
• ⁴ Division of Trauma, Burn and Critical Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington at Seattle, Harborview, Seattle, WA.
• ⁵ Department of Surgery, Letterkenny University Hospital, County of Donegal, Ireland.
• ⁶ Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
• ⁷ Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University, Emory Critical Care Center, Atlanta, GA.
• ⁸ Department of Surgery, Division of Critical Care, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
• ⁹ Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Regions Healthcare, St. Paul, MN.
• ¹⁰ Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
• ¹¹ Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Section of Surgical Critical Care, Surgical Services, Philadelphia, PA.