Assessment of Morphological, Anatomical and Palynological Variation in the Medicinal Plant Disporopsis longifolia Craib (Asparagaceae) for Botanical Quality Control

Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 5;12(2):259. doi: 10.3390/plants12020259.

Abstract

Disporopsis longifolia Craib is an Asian medicinal plant belonging to the Asparagaceae family. The plants are well known for their steroidal saponins and phenolic compounds and are traditionally used as tonics for back pain, bellyache, cough, diabetes, asthma, pneumonia and rheumatism. However, they are challenging to identify to species level using morphology. This raises a serious concern for their medicinal applications where botanical quality control is essential. The most appropriate morphological, anatomical and pollen characters for species diagnosis were therefore determined. Synonyms were identified and lectotypification provided. The morphological characters were described from 76 fresh and dried specimens to include a broad range of materials from differing habitats and locations. Paraffin and peeling methods were applied for anatomical studies of leaves and stems and a modified acetolysis method was undertaken for pollen morphology. This paper compares the new character data to published data from other species in the genus, namely D. aspersa, D. fuscopicta, D. jinfushanensis, D. pernyi and D. undulata. This is the first report of such anatomical and pollen morphology characters for D. longifolia. The results provide accurate morphological, anatomical and palynological characters for quality control and are best applied in combination with each other.

Keywords: Asia; anatomical characters; lectotypification; medicinal plants; pollen morphology; quality control; species diagnosis; tropical plants.

Grants and funding

This research was supported in part by a Graduate Programme Scholarship from Graduate School, Kasetsart University and financially supported by the Office of the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation; and the Thailand Science Research and Innovation through the Kasetsart University Reinventing University Program 2021.