Objective: Short-term efficacy and safety of afatrombopag conversion therapy in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) who were previously ineffectively treated with intense immunosuppressive therapy (IST) combined with TPO receptor Agonist (TPO-RA) or who were unable to tolerate the side effects of TPO-RA. Methods: Analysis of patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) treated in Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College from January 2021 to December 2021 who received IST combined with TPO-RA (eltrombopag/hatrombopag) for at least 6 months, but was ineffective for at least 3 months or patients who cannot continue to use TPO-RA due to side effects, and switched from TPO-RA to avatrombopag (APAG) , and treated for at least 6 months. This study analyzed its short-term efficacy and evaluated its safety. Results: The median age was 54 (14-68) years old among the 16 patients with AA (8 male and eight female) . A total of ten patients (refractory group) who did not respond to IST combined with TPO-RA were converted to APAG median therapy for 6 (6-10) months. Only seven patients (70% ) obtained trilineage HR [four cases of complete treatment response (CTR) , one case of good treatment response (GPR) , and two cases of partial treatment response (PR) ], all of which began to take effect at 3 months of APAG treatment. There were six patients with TPO-RA intolerance, and APAG was treated for 6 (2 to 8) months. About four patients (67% ) received HR (three GPR cases and one PR case) , of which two patients received PR at 3 months and four patients received HR at 6 months of APAG treatment. No APAG-related grade 2 or more adverse events occurred during the APAG therapy, no thrombotic events occurred, no fibrologic tissue hyperplasia was found in the bone marrow pathology reexamination at 6 months of treatment, and none of the patients discontinued the drug due to adverse events. Conclusion: APAG may be a better switching treatment option for patients with AA who are refractory or are intolerant to TPO-RA.
目的： 评估阿伐曲泊帕（APAG）转换治疗在曾应用免疫抑制治疗（IST）联合TPO受体激动剂（TPO-RA）无效或TPO-RA不耐受的再生障碍性贫血（AA）患者中的近期疗效及安全性。 方法： 回顾性分析2021年1月至2021年12月中国医学科学院血液病医院（中国医学科学院血液学研究所）IST联合TPO-RA（艾曲泊帕/海曲泊帕）治疗无效或TPO-RA不耐受的16例AA患者，接受APAG转换治疗的疗效及安全性。 结果： 16例AA患者中，中位年龄54（14~68）岁，男、女各8例。IST联合TPO-RA治疗无效患者10例（难治组），转换APAG中位治疗6（6~10）个月，7例（70%）获得三系血液学反应（HR）[完全治疗反应（CR）4例、良好治疗反应（GPR）1例、部分治疗反应（PR）2例]，均在APAG治疗3个月时开始起效；TPO-RA不耐受患者6例（不耐受组），APAG中位治疗6（2~8）个月，4例（67%）获得HR（GPR 3例、PR 1例），其中APAG治疗3个月时2例获得PR，6个月时4例患者均获得HR。APAG转换治疗过程中，未发生APAG相关2级以上不良事件，无血栓事件发生，治疗6个月时复查骨髓病理未见纤维组织增生，无一例患者因不良事件停药。 结论： 对于TPO-RA难治或不耐受的AA患者，APAG可作为较好的转换治疗选择。.
Keywords: Aplastic anemia, severe; Switch; Thrombopoietin receptor agonist.