1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
2 Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, Japan.
3 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
4 Innovation Center for Translational Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
5 Department of General Medicine, Hashimoto Municipal Hospital, Wakayama, Japan.
6 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
7 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: [email protected].