Risk factors of catheter- associated bloodstream infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS One. 2023 Mar 23;18(3):e0282290. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282290. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) is high and is a severe health problem associated with an increase in mortality and elevated economic costs. There are discrepancies related to the risk factors of CLABSI since the results published are very heterogeneous and there is no synthesis in the description of all the predisposing factors.

Objective: We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize and establish the risk factors predisposing to CLABSI reported in the literature.

Method: This is a systematic review of observational studies following the PRISMA recommendations. MEDLINE and CINAHL databases were searched for primary studies from 2007 to 2021. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO CRD42018083564.

Results: A total of 654 studies were identified, 23 of which were included in this systematic review. The meta-analysis included 17 studies and 9 risk factors were analyzed (total parenteral nutrition (TPN), chemotherapy, monolumen and bilumen catheters, days of catheterization, immunosuppression, kidney disease and diabetes mellitus) due to the homogeneity of their definitions and measurements. The risk factors found to increase the probability of developing CLABSI were TPN, multilumen devices, chemotherapy treatment, immunosuppression and the number of days of catheterization. On the other hand, monolumen devices presented a lower likelihood of triggering this infection.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Catheter-Related Infections* / epidemiology
  • Catheter-Related Infections* / etiology
  • Catheterization, Central Venous* / adverse effects
  • Central Venous Catheters* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sepsis* / etiology

Grants and funding

The author ELC has received a research grant from Becton Dickinson S.A. The funding reference for the grant from Becton Dickinson S.A given to the doctoral thesis project of ELC is MS-01702-2019-02-12/FIMIM 12773. Only the doctoral thesis project of ELC was the receptor of this grant through the Grupo de Investigación de Cuidados Enfermeros (GRECI) of the Instituto Municipal de Investigación Médica (IMIM). The URL of Becton Dickinson S.A is: https://www.bd.com/es-es. Becton Dickinson S.A has had no role in the design of the study, data collection or analysis or in the preparation of the manuscript and will not know the results until publication.