With Current Safety and Efficacy Data, Should Statins Be Made Available as Nonprescription Over-the-Counter Drugs?

Curr Cardiol Rep. 2023 May;25(5):423-430. doi: 10.1007/s11886-023-01861-2. Epub 2023 Mar 27.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Statins inhibit the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in the liver and reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk by enhancing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) clearance from the circulation. In this review, we discuss their efficacy, safety, and real-world utilization to make a case for reclassifying statins as nonprescription over-the-counter drugs to improve access and availability with the overarching goal of increasing statin utilization in patients most likely to benefit from this class of therapy.

Recent findings: Statin efficacy for reducing risk in primary and secondary ASCVD prevention populations as well as their safety and tolerability has been thoroughly investigated in large-scale clinical trials over the past 3 decades. Despite the overwhelming scientific evidence, statins are underutilized even among those at the highest ASCVD risk. We propose a nuanced approach to use statins as nonprescription drugs that leverages a multi-disciplinary clinical model. It integrates lessons learned from experiences outside the USA with a proposed Food and Drug Administration rule change that allows nonprescription drug products with an additional condition for nonprescription use.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors; Nonprescription drugs; Primary prevention; Secondary prevention.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Atherosclerosis* / prevention & control
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / drug therapy
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* / adverse effects

Substances

  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors