Junctional Tachycardia: A Critical Reassessment

JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2023 Mar;9(3):425-441. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.10.040. Epub 2023 Feb 22.

Abstract

Junctional tachycardia (JT) is typically considered to have an automatic mechanism originating from the distal atrioventricular node. When there is 1:1 retrograde conduction via the fast pathway, JT would resemble the typical form of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT). Atrial pacing maneuvers have been proposed to exclude AVNRT and suggest a diagnosis of JT. However, after excluding AVNRT, one should consider the possibility of an infra-atrial narrow QRS re-entrant tachycardia, which can exhibit features that resemble AVNRT as well as JT. Pacing maneuvers and mapping techniques should be performed to assess for infra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia before concluding that JT is the mechanism of a narrow QRS tachycardia. Distinguishing JT from typical AVNRT or infra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia has notable implications regarding the approach to ablation of the tachycardia. Ultimately, a contemporary review of the evidence on JT raises some questions as to the mechanism and source of what has traditionally been considered JT.

Keywords: atrioventricular nodal re-entry; entrainment; infra-atrial tachycardia; junctional tachycardia; pacing maneuvers.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Atrial Fibrillation*
  • Atrioventricular Node
  • Bundle of His
  • Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / methods
  • Humans
  • Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry* / diagnosis
  • Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry* / surgery
  • Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional* / diagnosis
  • Tachycardia, Supraventricular*