Friction Dynamics of Organogels on Artificial Skin Surfaces

J Oleo Sci. 2023;72(4):421-428. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess22427.

Abstract

Organogels are attractive formulations in cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals. They exhibit characteristic frictional and mechanical responses during the collapse of a mesostructure. In this study, the friction dynamics of organogels composed of five different waxes (paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, ceresin, candelilla wax, and carnauba wax) and liquid paraffin were evaluated using a sinusoidal motion friction evaluation system. All organogels exhibited a velocity dependence of friction coefficient that increased with the acceleration of the contact probe. Depending on the ease of the crystal formation of the waxes in liquid paraffin, hydrocarbon-based waxes formed soft organogels with a low-friction coefficient, whereas ester-based, highly polar waxes formed organogels that were hard and had a high-friction coefficient.

Keywords: friction; gelation; hardness; organogel; wax.

MeSH terms

  • Friction
  • Mineral Oil
  • Plant Oils* / chemistry
  • Skin, Artificial*
  • Waxes / chemistry

Substances

  • Plant Oils
  • Mineral Oil
  • Waxes