One of the most prevalent mechanisms of antifungal drug resistance is export of the molecule from the fungal cells through the action of putative efflux pumps or transporters. Drug efflux is a particularly common mechanism of resistance to azole antifungals, one of the most widely used classes of antifungal drugs. Here, we provide detailed protocols for two assays of small-molecule efflux activity: rhodamine 6G efflux and alanine-naphthylamide accumulation. Protocols applicable to both yeast and filamentous fungi are provided.
Keywords: ATP-binding cassette transporters; Ala-Nap; Efflux; Major facilitator transporters; Membrane transporters; Rhodamine 6G.
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.