Introduction: TKIs are paradigmatic in CML management and offer patients the prospect of a normal life expectancy. As a consequence, the focus of both the clinician and patient has shifted to considerations of quality of life, including the ability to parent children. Unfortunately, TKIs are teratogenic so that alternative treatment options may be required during pregnancy to adequately control disease and minimize risk.
Areas covered: In this review, we summarize and provide an overview of the literature on the management of CML in women of childbearing age. We discuss the various treatment options as well as their advantages, disadvantages, and safety considerations. We discuss CML in the context of: 1) planned pregnancies with CML; 2) unplanned pregnancies with CML; 3) CML diagnosed during pregnancy.
Expert opinion: Confidence in managing pregnancy and CML continues to grow. In the majority of cases, with careful planning and counseling, no treatment is required and disease control can be safely regained after pregnancy ends. For those who require treatment, various options are available and there is growing evidence to suggest that some TKIs may be safe in the later stages of pregnancy.
Keywords: Chronic myeloid leukemia; fertility; hydroxycarbamide; interferon; pregnancy; tyrosine kinase inhibitors.