"Metformin Impairs Intestinal Fructose Metabolism"

bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2023 May 15:2023.04.17.537251. doi: 10.1101/2023.04.17.537251.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of metformin on intestinal carbohydrate metabolism in vivo.

Method: Male mice preconditioned with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet were treated orally with metformin or a control solution for two weeks. Fructose metabolism, glucose production from fructose, and production of other fructose-derived metabolites were assessed using stably labeled fructose as a tracer.

Results: Metformin treatment decreased intestinal glucose levels and reduced incorporation of fructose-derived metabolites into glucose. This was associated with decreased intestinal fructose metabolism as indicated by decreased enterocyte F1P levels and diminished labeling of fructose-derived metabolites. Metformin also reduced fructose delivery to the liver. Proteomic analysis revealed that metformin coordinately down-regulated proteins involved carbohydrate metabolism including those involved in fructolysis and glucose production within intestinal tissue.

Conclusion: Metformin reduces intestinal fructose metabolism, and this is associated with broad-based changes in intestinal enzyme and protein levels involved in sugar metabolism indicating that metformin's effects on sugar metabolism are pleiotropic.

Keywords: Metformin; fructose metabolism; glucose production; isotope-tracing metabolomics; proteomics.

Publication types

  • Preprint