Surveillance and Genomic Characterization of Influenza A and D Viruses in Swine, Belgium and the Netherlands, 2019-2021

Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Jul;29(7):1459-1464. doi: 10.3201/eid2907.221499.

Abstract

During 2019-2021, we isolated 62 swine influenza A viruses in Belgium and the Netherlands. We also detected influenza D in pigs in the Netherlands. The ever-changing diversity of influenza viruses and the identification of influenza D emphasize the need for more virus surveillance.

Keywords: Belgium; genetic characterization; influenza; influenza A virus; influenza D virus; respiratory infections; subtyping; swine; the Netherlands; viruses; zoonoses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Belgium / epidemiology
  • Genomics
  • Humans
  • Influenza A virus* / genetics
  • Influenza, Human* / epidemiology
  • Netherlands / epidemiology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections* / epidemiology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections* / veterinary
  • Phylogeny
  • Swine
  • Swine Diseases* / epidemiology