RNA-binding protein complex AMG-1/SLRP-1 mediates germline development and spermatogenesis by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Sci Bull (Beijing). 2023 Jul 15;68(13):1399-1412. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.05.029. Epub 2023 May 24.

Abstract

The mechanisms of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs)-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of pre-existing mRNAs, which is essential for spermatogenesis, remain poorly understood. In this study, we identify that a germline-specific mitochondrial RBP AMG-1(abnormal mitochondria in germline 1), a homolog of mammalian leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein (LRPPRC), is required for spermatogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. The amg-1 mutation hinders germline development without affecting somatic development and leads to the aberrant mitochondrial morphology and structure associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions specifically in the germline. We demonstrate that AMG-1 is most frequently bound to mtDNA-encoded 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA, the essential components of mitochondrial ribosomes, and that 12S rRNA expression mediated by AMG-1 is crucial for germline mitochondrial protein homeostasis. Furthermore, steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) stem loop interacting RNA binding protein (SLRP-1), a homolog of mammalian SRA stem loop interacting RNA binding protein (SLIRP) in C. elegans, interacts with AMG-1 genetically to regulate germline development and reproductive success in C. elegans. Overall, these findings reveal the novel function of mtRBP, specifically in regulating germline development.

Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; Mitochondria; RNA-binding protein; Spermatogenesis; mt-rRNA.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins* / genetics
  • Caenorhabditis elegans* / genetics
  • Germ Cells / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mammals / metabolism
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Spermatogenesis / genetics

Substances

  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • 6-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridylmethylamino)-9-beta-ribofuranosylpurine
  • RNA-Binding Proteins