A new point-of-care test for the rapid antimicrobial susceptibility assessment of uropathogens

PLoS One. 2023 Jul 5;18(7):e0284746. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284746. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials is considered a major issue worldwide. This condition may account for treatment failure of urinary tract infections, which are among the most common infections both in community and healthcare settings. Therapy against uropathogens is generally administered empirically, possibly leading to unsuccessful therapy, recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance. The reduction in analytical time to obtain antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results could play a key role in reducing the cost of healthcare, providing information about antibiotic efficacy and thus preventing from either exploiting new and expensive antibiotics unnecessarily or using obsolete and ineffective ones. A more rational choice among treatment options would hence lead to more effective treatment and faster resolution. In this paper we evaluated the performance of a new Point Of Care Test (POCT) for the rapid prediction of antimicrobial susceptibility in urine samples performed without the need of a laboratory or specialized technicians. 349 patients were enrolled in two open-label, monocentric, non-interventional clinical trials in partnership with an Emergency Medicine ward and the Day Hospital of two large healthcare facilities in Rome. Antibiogram was carried out on 97 patients. Results from analysis of urine samples with the POCT were compared with those from routine AST performed on culture-positive samples, displaying high accuracy (>90%) for all tested antimicrobial drugs and yielding reliable results in less than 12 hours from urine collection thus reducing analytical and management costs.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Drug Resistance, Microbial
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Point-of-Care Testing
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / diagnosis
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / drug therapy
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / microbiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents

Grants and funding

This work has been partially supported by Marjan Miklus Stiftung, Zur Forderung der Forschung, 16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany, by Waltraut Bergmann Stiftung, Zur Forderung von Wissenschaft und Forschung, 16556 Borgsdorf, Germany, by National Funding for Centers of Excellence (Science Department, Roma Tre University - MIUR, Articolo 1, Commi 314–337 Legge 232/2016), and by Sviluppo Lazio spa, 00198 Roma, Italy [grant number FILAS- RS-2009-1026].The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. There was no additional external funding received for this study.