Challenges in Diagnosing and Treating Myasthenia Gravis in Infants and Children with Presentation of Cases

Adv Pediatr. 2023 Aug;70(1):81-90. doi: 10.1016/j.yapd.2023.03.007. Epub 2023 May 10.

Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare condition that impairs function at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles, seen less commonly in children. Causes include autoimmune MG, congenital myasthenic syndromes, and transient neonatal myasthenia gravis. Symptoms of weakness, hypotonia, and fatigability can be reasonably explained by more common causes, thus children with MG disorders commonly experience delays in treatment with severe consequences. This leads to the progression of disease and serious complications including myasthenic crises and exacerbations. We describe 5 cases of MG, which illustrate clinical and genetic challenges in establishing diagnosis and subsequent consequences of delayed diagnosis.

Keywords: Atypical presentation; Congenital syndromes; Genetic testing for congenital myasthenic syndromes; Myasthenia gravis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Fatigue
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Myasthenia Gravis* / drug therapy
  • Myasthenia Gravis* / therapy
  • Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital* / drug therapy
  • Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital* / therapy