Valproate overdose leading to hyperammonaemic encephalopathy

BMJ Case Rep. 2023 Jul 9;16(7):e255319. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2023-255319.

Abstract

Sodium valproate is a commonly prescribed anticonvulsant medication; however, it can cause uncommon side effects such as hyperammonaemia and encephalopathy. We present the case of a male in his early 50s brought to the emergency department after being found collapsed by his wife, with an empty bottle of sodium valproate tablets. The patient developed hyperammonaemic encephalopathy due to sodium valproate overdose and was treated with supportive care and renal replacement therapy. This case highlights the importance of recognising the potential complications of sodium valproate and its prompt treatment.

Keywords: adult intensive care; drugs: cns (not psychiatric); neurology (drugs and medicines); toxicology.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Anticonvulsants / adverse effects
  • Brain Diseases* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Hyperammonemia* / drug therapy
  • Hyperammonemia* / therapy
  • Male
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes* / complications
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes* / therapy
  • Valproic Acid / adverse effects

Substances

  • Valproic Acid
  • Anticonvulsants