Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the Longitudinal Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease Study

Alzheimers Dement. 2023 Nov;19 Suppl 9(Suppl 9):S115-S125. doi: 10.1002/alz.13399. Epub 2023 Jul 25.

Abstract

Introduction: One goal of the Longitudinal Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) is to define the fluid biomarker characteristics of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD).

Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, total tau (tTau), pTau181, VILIP-1, SNAP-25, neurogranin (Ng), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and YKL-40 were measured by immunoassay in 165 LEADS participants. The associations of biomarker concentrations with diagnostic group and standard cognitive tests were evaluated.

Results: Biomarkers were correlated with one another. Levels of CSF Aβ42/40, pTau181, tTau, SNAP-25, and Ng in EOAD differed significantly from cognitively normal and early-onset non-AD dementia; NfL, YKL-40, and VILIP-1 did not. Across groups, all biomarkers except SNAP-25 were correlated with cognition. Within the EOAD group, Aβ42/40, NfL, Ng, and SNAP-25 were correlated with at least one cognitive measure.

Discussion: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of CSF biomarkers in sporadic EOAD that can inform EOAD clinical trial design.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Aβ42/40; CSF; NfL; SNAP-25; VILIP-1; YKL-40; amyloid; astrogliosis; biomarkers; dementia; neurogranin; pTau181; tTau; tau.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Alzheimer Disease* / diagnosis
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Biomarkers / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Neurogranin / cerebrospinal fluid
  • tau Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid

Substances

  • Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • tau Proteins
  • Biomarkers
  • Neurogranin