A review of plastic waste circular actions in seven developing countries to achieve sustainable development goals

Waste Manag Res. 2024 Jun;42(6):436-458. doi: 10.1177/0734242X231188664. Epub 2023 Jul 31.

Abstract

Plastic waste circularity is a priority at a global level. Sustainable development goals (SDGs) set the ways to go, and the circular economy principles underlined the 'green' strategies to be employed. However, in practice, there is still much to do, especially in developing countries, where open burning and open dumping still represent the common way of plastic waste disposal. This review aims to analyse current plastic waste circular approaches in low-middle income settings. Seven countries were selected based on the economic level and data availability from the authors, and analysed to collect and critically discuss the actions implemented at a city level. Examples of waste minimization and recycling strategies, selective collection systems and public campaigns are reported from Africa, Asia and Latin America. First, a background analysis related to physical and governance aspects of municipal solid waste management systems of the chosen settings was conducted. The assessment was focused on the treatment processes or minimization actions. Then, the applicability of the projects to achieve the SDGs was commented on. The outcomes of the research underline the need to: (1) scale up small-scale and pilot projects, (2) disseminate good practices in more low- to middle-income settings, (3) create synergies among international partners for further replications in cities. Urgent solutions to plastic waste pollution are needed. The review presented practical actions to be implemented now to boost plastic waste circularity in developing cities.

Keywords: Solid waste management; circular economy; informal recycling; sustainable development; waste pickers; waste valorization.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Asia
  • Cities
  • Developing Countries*
  • Goals
  • Latin America
  • Plastics*
  • Recycling* / methods
  • Refuse Disposal* / economics
  • Refuse Disposal* / methods
  • Solid Waste / analysis
  • Sustainable Development*
  • Waste Management* / methods

Substances

  • Plastics
  • Solid Waste