Infective anoproctitis in men having sex with men: Don't forget Mycoplasma genitalium

Infect Dis Now. 2023 Oct;53(8):104771. doi: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104771. Epub 2023 Aug 19.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim was to describe the clinical characteristics of symptomatic anoproctitis and the occurrence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections in a prospective cohort of MSM patients.

Methods: From February 2018 to January 2020, all consecutive patients presenting at the Leopold Bellan Proctology Institute of Saint-Joseph Hospital, Paris, France with symptoms of anoproctitis were tested on rectal samples for C. trachomatis (CT), N. gonorrhoeae (NG), M. genitalium (MG). Clinical, microbiological, biological data, STI risk factors, medical history and treatments were collected.

Results: Three hundred and sixty-five patients were included for suspected infective anoproctitis. CT was detected in 84/365 (23%) patients, NG in 45/365 (12%) and MG in 46/315 patients (15%), associated with macrolide resistance in 28/46 MG strains (61%). The most frequent symptoms were rectal pains, rectal bleeding, purulent discharge in 253 (79%), 191 (60%), and 164 (51%) of cases respectively. In comparison with MG infections, ulcerations, erythematous proctitis, rectorragia and false needs were more frequently described in CT infections, while purulent proctitis, functional pain and purulent discharge were more often observed in NG and CT anoproctitis.

Conclusion: We found a high prevalence rate of STIs due to CT, NG, while MG detection was associated with a high rate of macrolide resistance in a cohort of MSM patients. Our results confirm that in cases of symptomatic anoproctitis, MG should be tested in association with other STI pathogens.

Keywords: Anoproctitis; MSM; Mycoplasma genitalium; STIs.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Chlamydia trachomatis
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial
  • Homosexuality, Male
  • Humans
  • Macrolides
  • Male
  • Mycoplasma Infections* / diagnosis
  • Mycoplasma Infections* / drug therapy
  • Mycoplasma Infections* / epidemiology
  • Mycoplasma genitalium*
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  • Proctitis* / diagnosis
  • Proctitis* / drug therapy
  • Proctitis* / epidemiology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities*
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases* / microbiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Macrolides