Unravelling the gut-lung axis: insights into microbiome interactions and Traditional Indian Medicine's perspective on optimal health

Swati Haldar; Snehal R Jadhav; Vandana Gulati; David J Beale; Acharya Balkrishna; Anurag Varshney; Enzo A Palombo; Avinash V Karpe; Rohan M Shah

doi:10.1093/femsec/fiad103

Unravelling the gut-lung axis: insights into microbiome interactions and Traditional Indian Medicine's perspective on optimal health

FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2023 Sep 19;99(10):fiad103. doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiad103.

Authors

Swati Haldar¹, Snehal R Jadhav², Vandana Gulati³, David J Beale⁴, Acharya Balkrishna^{1

5}, Anurag Varshney^{1

5}, Enzo A Palombo⁶, Avinash V Karpe^{6

7

8}, Rohan M Shah^{6

9}

Affiliations

¹ Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India.
² Consumer-Analytical-Safety-Sensory (CASS) Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
³ Biomedical Science, School of Science and Technology Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
⁴ Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia.
⁵ Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Roorkee-Haridwar Road, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India.
⁶ Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
⁷ Socio-Eternal Thinking for Unity (SETU), Melbourne, VIC 3805, Australia.
⁸ Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
⁹ School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora West, VIC 3083, Australia.

Abstract

The microbiome of the human gut is a complex assemblage of microorganisms that are in a symbiotic relationship with one another and profoundly influence every aspect of human health. According to converging evidence, the human gut is a nodal point for the physiological performance matrixes of the vital organs on several axes (i.e. gut-brain, gut-lung, etc). As a result of COVID-19, the importance of gut-lung dysbiosis (balance or imbalance) has been realised. In view of this, it is of utmost importance to develop a comprehensive understanding of the microbiome, as well as its dysbiosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the gut-lung axial microbiome and its importance in maintaining optimal health. Human populations have successfully adapted to geophysical conditions through traditional dietary practices from around the world. In this context, a section has been devoted to the traditional Indian system of medicine and its theories and practices regarding the maintenance of optimally customized gut health.

Keywords: COVID-19; Gut-lung axis; dysbiosis; microbiome; traditional medicine.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Dysbiosis
Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
Humans
Microbiota*