Illuminating the path to shoot meristem regeneration: Molecular insights into reprogramming cells into stem cells

Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Dec:76:102452. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102452. Epub 2023 Sep 13.

Abstract

Plant cells possess the ability to dedifferentiate and reprogram into stem cell-like populations, enabling the regeneration of new organs. However, the maintenance of stem cells relies on specialized microenvironments composed of distinct cell populations with specific functions. Consequently, the regeneration process necessitates the orchestrated regulation of multiple pathways across diverse cellular populations. One crucial pathway involves the transcription factor WUSCHEL HOMEOBOX 5 (WOX5), which plays a pivotal role in reprogramming cells into stem cells and promoting their conversion into shoot meristems through WUSCHEL (WUS). Additionally, cell and tissue mechanics, including cell wall modifications and mechanical stress, critically contribute to de novo shoot organogenesis by regulating polar auxin transport. Furthermore, light signaling emerges as a key regulator of plant regeneration, directly influencing expression of meristem genes and potentially influencing aforementioned pathways as well.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; Cell wall remodelling; De novo shoot organogenesis; HY5; Light regulation; Pluripotency acquisition.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Arabidopsis Proteins* / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis* / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Homeodomain Proteins / genetics
  • Homeodomain Proteins / metabolism
  • Meristem / genetics
  • Meristem / metabolism
  • Plant Shoots / genetics
  • Stem Cells / metabolism

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • Homeodomain Proteins