The Interaction of Dietary Patterns and Genetic Variants on the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Nov;67(22):e2300332. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202300332. Epub 2023 Sep 15.

Abstract

Scope: Diabetes is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which in turn is the most common and serious complication of diabetes. This study analyzes dietary patterns and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 543 diabetes patients with new-onset cardiovascular events and 461 diabetic patients without.

Methods and results: SNPs are determined and analyzed using real time PCR and gene chip method. Factor analysis and logistic regression are used to determine dietary patterns and evaluate the level of associations and interaction effects, respectively. The legumes and edible fungi pattern and vegetable pattern show a significant negative correlation with complication risk. ADIPOQ rs37563 and legumes and edible fungi pattern have a significant interactive effect on disease, and patients with a high score of C polymorphism genotype (GC + CC) have a lower risk of disease. 5-10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801131 and vegetable pattern have a borderline interaction effect on disease, and those patients with TT genotype have a lower risk of disease.

Conclusion: These findings provide new insights into the role of the interactive protection of dietary patterns and SNPs. And participants with specific alleles show a lower risk of cardiovascular complications.

Keywords: cardiovascular complication; dietary pattern; genetic polymorphism; interaction effects; type 2 diabetes.

MeSH terms

  • Adiponectin / genetics
  • Alleles
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / genetics
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / genetics
  • Diet*
  • East Asian People
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotype
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors*
  • Humans
  • Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / genetics
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Substances

  • Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)
  • ADIPOQ protein, human
  • MTHFR protein, human
  • Adiponectin