Construction industry workers' compensation injury claims due to slips, trips, and falls - Ohio, 2010-2017

Problem: Compared to other industries, construction workers have higher risks for serious fall injuries. This study describes the burden and circumstances surrounding injuries related to compensable slip, trip, and fall (STF) claims from private construction industries covered by the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation.

Methods: STF injury claims in the Ohio construction industry from 2010-2017 were manually reviewed. Claims were classified as: slips or trips without a fall (STWOF), falls on the same level (FSL), falls to a lower level (FLL), and other. Claim narratives were categorized by work-related risk and contributing factors. Demographic, employer, and injury characteristics were examined by fall type and claim type (medical-only (MO, 0-7 days away from work, DAFW) or lost-time (LT, ≥8 DAFW)). Claim rates per 10,000 estimated full-time equivalent employees (FTEs) were calculated.

Results: 9,517 Ohio construction industry STF claims occurred during the 8-year period, with an average annual rate of 75 claims per 10,000 FTEs. The rate of STFs decreased by 37% from 2010 to 2017. About half of the claims were FLL (51%), 29% were FSL, 17% were STWOF, and 3% were "other." Nearly 40% of all STF claims were LT; mostly among males (96%). The top three contributing factors for STWOF and FSL were: slip/trip hazards, floor irregularities, and ice/snow; and ladders, vehicles, and stairs/steps for FLL. FLL injury rates per 10,000 FTE were highest in these industries: Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors (52); Building Finishing Contractors (45); and Residential Building Construction (45). The highest rate of FLL LT claims occurred in the smallest firms, and the FLL rate decreased as construction firm size increased. Discussion and Practical Applications: STF rates declined over time, yet remain common, requiring prevention activities. Safety professionals should focus on contributing factors when developing prevention strategies, especially high-risk subsectors and small firms.