Schistosoma haematobium infection and morbidity risk factors for pre-school age children in western Angola: A knowledge, attitudes and practices survey

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023 Oct 16;17(10):e0011650. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011650. eCollection 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Urogenital schistosomiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. It is a poverty-related disease conditioned by behavioural practices.

Methods: Our objective is to evaluate the awareness, mindset and habits about urogenital schistosomiasis in the community of Cubal (Angola), as well as its association with infection and urinary tract morbidity in pre-school age children. A cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes and practices at home was conducted between February and May 2022 with 250 participants.

Results: Overall, 93.6% of those surveyed had some prior knowledge about schistosomiasis and, among all the symptoms associated with this disease, blood in the urine was the best known (54.4%). Nevertheless, 57.6% obtained a medium knowledge score. Regarding attitude, the majority of respondents had a high attitude score (79.2%) with 96.0% willing to participate in mass drug administration campaigns. Laundry in the river was the most common risk practice (61.2%) and 55.2% out of the total were classified with a low practice score.

Conclusion: Low knowledge about symptoms and transmission by caregivers was the outstanding risk factor for infection in pre-school age children (OR = 16.93, 95%CI: 3.93-72.82), and lack of knowledge that avoiding entering the river prevents schistosomiasis was the main risk factor for morbidity in PSAC (OR = 8.14, 95%CI: 1.14-58.25).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angola / epidemiology
  • Animals
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Morbidity
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Schistosoma haematobium
  • Schistosomiasis haematobia* / diagnosis
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Grants and funding

This research was supported by the Red de Investigación de Centros de Enfermedades Tropicales – RICET of the PN de I+D+I, ISCIII-Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa RETICS), Ministry of Health and Consumption, Madrid; by CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (Projects CB21/13/00056 and CB21/13/00029), ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Education, Madrid; by Project No. 2021/004 of the PROMETEO Program, Programa de Ayudas para Grupos de Investigación de Excelencia, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.