Visual orientation discrimination skills are tightly linked with specific aspects of human intelligence

PLoS One. 2023 Oct 17;18(10):e0289590. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289590. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

We investigate the notion that basic visual information is acting as a building block for more complex cognitive processes in humans. Specifically, we measured individual visual orientation discrimination thresholds to report significant correlations against the total standardised intelligence quotient (IQ), verbal-IQ and non-verbal IQ scores evaluated using the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence Second Edition (WASI-II) test battery comprising Verbal Reasoning, Block Design, Similarities and Matrix Reasoning subtests (N = 92). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that participants' performance in our visual discrimination task, could be explained only by individual scores in Verbal Reasoning which quantifies the ability to comprehend and describe words and Matrix Reasoning, which evaluates general visual processing skills including abstract and spatial perception. Our results demonstrate that low-level visual abilities and high-level cognitive processes are more tightly interwoven together than previously thought and this result could pave the way for further research on how cognition can be defined by basic sensory processes.

MeSH terms

  • Cognition*
  • Humans
  • Intelligence Tests
  • Intelligence*
  • Visual Perception
  • Wechsler Scales

Grants and funding

This project has received funding from and the Marie Skłodowska-Curie programme Grant agreement No 797603 (Peripheality; K.M., N.L., M.A). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.