Primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A case-based approach

Essa H Hariri; Mazen M Al Hammoud; Steven E Nissen; Donald F Hammer

doi:10.3949/ccjm.89a.21103

Primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A case-based approach

Cleve Clin J Med. 2022 Sep 1;89(9):513-522. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.89a.21103.

Authors

Essa H Hariri¹, Mazen M Al Hammoud², Steven E Nissen^{3

4}, Donald F Hammer⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH.
² Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
³ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH.
⁴ Professor, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
⁵ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH [email protected].

PMID: 37907442
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.89a.21103

Abstract

Estimating the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a daily challenge for clinicians and is crucial to tailoring preventive medical care and guiding shared decision-making. New imaging modalities and novel biomarkers allow for more accurate assessment of patient risk and minimize the risk of over- or undertreating patients. Major cardiovascular medicine societies have incorporated new diagnostic modalities in their guidelines to aid clinical decision-making for primary and secondary prevention of ASCVD. This review presents commonly encountered cases relevant to estimating and reducing ASCVD risk based on available guidelines and expert opinion.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Atherosclerosis* / diagnosis
Atherosclerosis* / prevention & control
Biomarkers
Cardiovascular Diseases* / etiology
Cardiovascular Diseases* / prevention & control
Clinical Decision-Making
Humans
Primary Prevention / methods
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Secondary Prevention

Substances

Biomarkers