Value of spectral CT parameters in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer

Clin Radiol. 2024 Jan;79(1):51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.08.023. Epub 2023 Sep 20.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the value of pre-chemotherapy spectral computed tomography (CT) parameters in predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response in gastric cancer (GC).

Materials and methods: Sixty patients with GC who received NAC and underwent spectral CT examination before chemotherapy were enrolled retrospectively and divided into a responsive group and a non-responsive group according to the postoperative pathological tumour regression grade. Clinical characteristics were collected. The iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), and effective atomic number (Eff-Z) of the portal venous phases were measured before chemotherapy, and IC was normalised to that of the aorta to provide the normalised IC (NIC). An independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, or chi-square test was used to analyse the differences between the two groups, and the receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive performance of different variables.

Results: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was lower in the responsive group than in the non-responsive group (p<0.05). IC, NIC, and Eff-Z values were significantly higher in the responsive group than in the non-responsive group (p<0.01). The areas under the ROC curves for the NLR, IC, NIC, and Eff-Z were 0.694, 0.688, 0.799, and 0.690, respectively. The combination of NIC, Eff-Z, and NLR values showed good diagnostic performance in predicting response to NAC in GC, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.857, 76.92% sensitivity, 80% accuracy, and 85.71% specificity.

Conclusion: Spectral CT parameters may serve as non-invasive tools for predicting the response to NAC in patients with GC.

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Iodine*
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • ROC Curve
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods

Substances

  • Iodine