Neurosarcoidosis

J Neurol. 2024 Feb;271(2):1047-1055. doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-12046-w. Epub 2023 Nov 2.

Abstract

Sarcoidosis affects the nervous system in 5% of cases. 60% of cases involve the cranial and peripheral nerves, the remainder the central nervous system, in which a leptomeningitis, a pachymeningitis and a vasculitis may arise. Stroke and cerebral haemorrhage may occur, and certain infections in the brain are more likely with sarcoidosis. Patients respond well to treatment but oftentimes with residual neurological impairments which may be severe. A greater understanding of the disease and the need for early treatment and use of biological therapies have improved treatment outcome in recent times.

Keywords: Immunosuppression; Natural history; Neurosarcoidosis; Sarcoidosis; TNFα antagonist.

MeSH terms

  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Central Nervous System Diseases* / complications
  • Central Nervous System Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Central Nervous System Diseases* / therapy
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage
  • Humans
  • Sarcoidosis* / complications
  • Sarcoidosis* / diagnosis
  • Sarcoidosis* / therapy

Supplementary concepts

  • Neurosarcoidosis