Social isolation and well-being among families of middle-aged and older hikikomori people

Affiliations

• ¹ Bunkyo Gakuin University, Fujimino, Japan.
• ² Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
• ³ Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
• ⁴ Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
• ⁵ Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.