CHA2DS2-VASc score as a predictor of clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with and without chronic kidney disease

J Nephrol. 2024 Mar;37(2):409-417. doi: 10.1007/s40620-023-01805-7. Epub 2023 Nov 8.

Abstract

Background: High CHA2DS2-VASc score (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age > 75 years, Diabetes mellitus, prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism, Vascular disease, Age 65-74 and Sex category) was associated with adverse clinical outcomes in different settings. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between CHA2DS2-VASc score and R2CHA2DS2-VASc score (which includes renal impairment) with in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine ward.

Methods: We enrolled 983 consecutive patients admitted during 3 years in an internal medicine ward. R2CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated by adding 2 points to CHA2DS2-VASc for the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined according to K-DOQI. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality and length of hospital stay > 10 days.

Results: Patients with CKD stages 3-5 presented with increased CHA2DS2-VASc vs stages 1-2 (p < 0.001). The composite outcome occurred in 47.3% of inpatients. Multivariable linear logistic regression analyses adjusted for presence of infectious diseases and cancer, with the occurrence of composite outcome showed an adjusted OR of 1.349 (95% CI 1.248-1.462) and 1.254 (95% CI 1.179-1.336) for CHA2DS2-VASc and R2CHA2DS2-VASc scores, respectively. No differences were found in the association between CHA2DS2-VASc and R2CHA2DS2-VASc scores with the composite outcome (AUC 0.631 vs 0.630), and furthermore, adding the presence/absence of infectious diseases during hospitalization and positive cancer history to the models increased the AUC (0.667 and 0.663).

Conclusions: Incrementally higher CHA2DS2-VASc score is associated with increased length of hospital stay and mortality in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine ward, regardless of the presence of CKD.

Keywords: CHA2DS2-VASc score; Chronic kidney disease; Internal medicine, mortality, length of stay.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Decision Support Techniques
  • Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / mortality
  • Hospital Mortality*
  • Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Length of Stay* / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / complications
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / diagnosis
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / mortality
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / therapy
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke / epidemiology
  • Stroke / mortality