Minimally invasive management of vital teeth requiring root canal therapy

Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 21;13(1):20389. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47682-9.

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the possible use of a non-instrumentation technique including blue light irradiation for root canal cleaning. Extracted human single rooted teeth were selected. Nine different groups included distilled water, NaOCl, intra-canal heated NaOCl, and NaOCl + EDTA irrigation after either instrumentation or non-instrumentation, and a laser application group following non-instrumentation technique. The chemical assessment of the root canal dentine was evaluated using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Surface microstructural analyses were performed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial efficacy of different preparation techniques was evaluated using microbial tests. Light application didn't change the calcium/phosphorus, carbonate/phosphate and amide I/phosphate ratios of the root canal dentin. The root canal dentin preserved its original chemistry and microstructure after light application. The instrumentation decreased the carbonate/phosphate and amide I/phosphate ratios of the root canal dentin regardless of the irrigation solution or technique (p < 0.05). The application of light could not provide antibacterial efficacy to match the NaOCl irrigation. The NaOCl irrigation both in the non-instrumentation and instrumentation groups significantly reduced the number of bacteria (p < 0.05). The use of minimally invasive root canal preparation techniques where the root canal is not instrumented and is disinfected by light followed by obturation with a hydraulic cement sealer reduced the microbial load and preserved the dentin thus may be an attractive treatment option for management of vital teeth needing root canal therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Amides / analysis
  • Carbonates / analysis
  • Dentin* / chemistry
  • Edetic Acid
  • Humans
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Phosphates / analysis
  • Root Canal Irrigants
  • Root Canal Therapy* / methods
  • Sodium Hypochlorite
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Substances

  • Phosphates
  • Carbonates
  • Amides
  • Root Canal Irrigants
  • Edetic Acid
  • Sodium Hypochlorite