Non-typhoidal Salmonella enteritidis prosthetic valve endocarditis

BMJ Case Rep. 2023 Nov 27;16(11):e256540. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2023-256540.

Abstract

In this case, we present a rare cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis. A man in his 80s presented to the emergency department with fever and diarrhoea. The patient underwent a transcatheter aortic valve replacement 17 years earlier. A negative PCR result in faeces for Salmonella and positive blood cultures with Salmonella gave rise to the suspicion of an intravascular Salmonella infection, which was confirmed with a positron emission tomography. Due to the low prevalence of Salmonella endocarditis, there is no consensus on the most effective treatment. Guidelines recommend early surgery and long-term antimicrobial treatment in endocarditis with Gram-negative bacteria. In this case, surgery was not deemed feasible given the patient his advanced age and multiple comorbidities. Despite treatment with intravenous antibiotics, the patient succumbed to progression of endocarditis 37 days after admission.

Keywords: Foodborne infections; Infections; Valvar diseases.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve / microbiology
  • Aortic Valve / surgery
  • Endocarditis* / therapy
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial* / diagnostic imaging
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial* / drug therapy
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis* / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis* / microbiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Salmonella enteritidis
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / adverse effects