Monoallelic deleterious MUTYH mutations generate colorectal cancer: A case report

Here we reported a particular case of MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP) that had only one rare heterozygous variant, but some particular clinical manifestations contributed to occur in this male patient by only one defective MUTYH allele were worth of further investigation. We reported a case of MAP. It is about a 33-year-old man with chief complaints of hematochezia who had multiple polyps that were found in his colon via colonoscopy. He followed his doctor's advice and performed a genetic analysis examination. Germline test was positive for a major heterozygous variant: chr1:45800165 on the MUTYH gene. MUTYH gene sequence analysis confirmed the following heterozygous variant: c.55CT (p.R19X) in exon 2 (ClinVar NM_001128425). Unfortunately, his mother and daughter have the ILK variant according to genetic analysis. However, this variant at the site was not detected in his father. Various types of polyps were found on repeated colonoscopy, which tended to become latent cancerous in the future. This case indicated that awareness of the risk of carcinogenesis of polyps in carriers of monoallelic variants might accordingly increase, and our understanding of the type of genetically related disease will be enhanced by us.