Dyadic loneliness, age, and cognitive functioning among midlife and older Black couples

Aging Ment Health. 2024 Jun;28(6):882-890. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2288862. Epub 2023 Dec 4.

Abstract

Objectives: Within marriages, loneliness has been linked with individuals' own and their partners' cognitive health. Yet little research has situated Black older adults within a relational, dyadic context.

Method: This study analyzed longitudinal dyadic data from the Health and Retirement Study (2010-2016; n = 1270 participants from 635 couples) from both partners in opposite-sex midlife and older couples where at least one partner reported being Black or African American.

Results: Results indicated (1) husbands' loneliness was associated with worse cognitive functioning 4 years later for wives who had high baseline cognitive functioning themselves; (2) wives' loneliness was associated with worse cognitive functioning 4 years later only for oldest-old husbands; and (3) wives' cognitive functioning was associated with slower increases to husbands' loneliness 4 years later.

Conclusion: Findings indicate that loneliness has dyadic consequences for cognitive functioning among older Black couples, but that context is crucial for determining who is at greatest risk of harmful repercussions from a partner's loneliness.

Keywords: Cognitive functioning; loneliness; quantitative methods and statistics; stress/burden.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aging / ethnology
  • Aging / psychology
  • Black or African American* / psychology
  • Cognition*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / ethnology
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Loneliness* / psychology
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Spouses* / psychology