Quinacrine - The Winding Road from the Most Important Antimalarial of Its Time to an Indispensable Antiparasitic (Orphan) Drug of our Days

Chimia (Aarau). 2023 Sep 20;77(9):574-576. doi: 10.2533/chimia.2023.574.

Abstract

Quinacrine, the main antimalarial drug during World War II, has had a chequered history that included the successful repurposing as an intrapleural sclerosant for the treatment of malignant pleural effusions, a non-surgical method of female sterilisation, and the use as an immunomodulatory drug in lupus erythematosus. While no longer used for these former indications, quinacrine (re)emerged as an indispensable second-line drug for the treatment of nitroimidazole-refractory Giardia duodenalis infections, and thus depicts an indispensable "orphan drug".

Keywords: Atabrin; Giardiasis; Mepacrine; Orphan drug; Quinacrine.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Infective Agents*
  • Antimalarials* / pharmacology
  • Antiparasitic Agents / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Nitroimidazoles*
  • Quinacrine / pharmacology

Substances

  • Antimalarials
  • Quinacrine
  • Antiparasitic Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Nitroimidazoles