Objective: To investigate the effect of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in remission on hematopoiesis recovery in patients with NPM1 mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after chemotherapy. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 86 patients with NPM1(mut) AML newly diagnosed and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between July 2016 and June 2019. Their clinical data and NGS test results at diagnosis were analyzed. Moreover, bone marrow samples in remission were tested using Sanger sequencing. The log-rank test was used to analyze the difference in hematopoietic recovery, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the prognostic factors affecting hematopoietic recovery. Results: The median age of the 86 NPM1(mut) AML patients was 50 years (15-69 years). There were 39 males and 47 females. Forty-one patients were induced with intensity chemotherapy ("7 + 3"), whereas 45 patients were treated with low-dose cytarabine-based induction chemotherapy. At diagnosis, The most common mutations in the patients were FLT3, DNMT3A, TET2, and IDH1/IDH2 mutations. CH-associated mutations persisted in 21 patients during remission, and the mutations were DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1, and IDH1/IDH2. The recovery time of neutrophils in patients with CH-associated mutations in remission was consistent with that in patients without CH in remission (P=0.282) but the recovery time of platelets in patients with CH in remission was significantly longer[26 (95% CI 21-32) days vs 25 (95% CI 23-26) days, P=0.032]. Furthermore, univariate analysis indicated that age, induced chemotherapy program, and CH in remission were risk factors for platelet recovery, whereas multivariate analysis indicated that induced chemotherapy program and CH in remission were independent risk factors for platelet recovery (HR=0.454, P=0.001 and HR=0.520, P=0.027, respectively) . Conclusion: CH in remission delays the hematopoietic recovery of patients with NPM1(mut) AML after chemotherapy.
目的： 探讨缓解期存在的克隆性造血（CH）对伴NPM1突变急性髓系白血病（AML）患者化疗后造血恢复的影响。 方法： 回顾性分析2016年7月至2019年6月苏州大学附属第一医院收治的初诊伴NPM1突变AML患者86例，对患者诊断时的临床资料、二代测序检测结果和缓解期骨髓基因突变检测结果进行分析。应用Log-rank方法比较造血恢复的差异，采用单因素及多因素Cox比例风险模型分析影响造血恢复的因素。 结果： 86例AML伴NPM1突变患者中位年龄50（15~69）岁，男39例，女47例，41例患者给予"7+3"强化疗方案诱导治疗，45例患者给予含低剂量阿糖胞苷的低强度方案诱导治疗。86例患者诊断时最常见的突变为FLT3、DNMT3A、TET2、IDH1、IDH2，缓解期存在CH相关突变患者21例，为DNMT3A、TET2、ASXL1、IDH1/IDH2基因突变。缓解期存在CH相关突变组患者的中性粒细胞恢复时间与缓解期无CH组患者比较差异无统计学意义（P＝0.282），但前者的血小板恢复时间明显延长[26（95%CI 21~32）d对25（95%CI 23~26）d，P＝0.032]。单因素Cox比例风险模型分析提示年龄、诱导化疗方案、缓解期存在CH相关突变为影响血小板恢复的危险因素，多因素Cox比例风险模型分析提示诱导化疗方案（HR＝0.454，P＝0.001）、缓解期存在CH相关突变（HR＝0.520，P＝0.027）为影响血小板恢复的独立危险因素。 结论： 缓解期存在的CH使AML伴NPM1突变患者化疗后血小板恢复延迟。.
Keywords: Clonal hematopoiesis; Hematopoietic recovery; Leukemia, myeloid, acute; NPM1 mutation.