Multi-omics reveals changed energy metabolism of liver and muscle by caffeine after mice swimming

PeerJ. 2024 Jan 3:12:e16677. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16677. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the effects of caffeine on exercise, and provide convincing evidence for its ergogenic effects on exercise performance. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these ergogenic effects remain unclear. In this study, an exercise swimming model was conducted to investigate the effects of orally administered with caffeine before swimming on the alterations of proteome and energy metabolome of liver and muscle after swimming. We found proteins in liver, such as S100a8, S100a9, Gabpa, Igfbp1 and Sdc4, were significantly up-regulated, while Rbp4 and Tf decreased after swimming were further down-regulated in caffeine group. The glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways in liver and muscle were both significantly down-regulated in caffeine group. The pyruvate carboxylase and amino acid levels in liver, including cysteine, serine and tyrosine, were markedly up-regulated in caffeine group, exhibiting a strong correlation with the increased pyruvic acid and oxaloacetate levels in muscle. Moreover, caffeine significantly decreased the lactate levels in both liver and muscle after swimming, potentially benefiting exercise performance.

Keywords: Caffeine; Energy metabolome; Lactate; Proteome; Swimming.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Caffeine* / pharmacology
  • Energy Metabolism
  • Liver
  • Mice
  • Multiomics
  • Muscles
  • Performance-Enhancing Substances*
  • Swimming

Substances

  • Caffeine
  • Performance-Enhancing Substances

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the Independent Research Project of Medical Engineering Laboratory of Chinese PLA General Hospital (grant number 2022SYSZZKY22) and National Foundation Strengthening Project (grant number 2020-JCJQ-ZD-260-12). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.