Oxidative DNA damage: Induction by fructose, in vitro, and its enhancement by hydrogen peroxide

Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2024 Jan:893:503719. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503719. Epub 2023 Nov 26.

Abstract

Sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup comprise nearly equal amounts of glucose and fructose. With the use of high-fructose corn syrup in the food industry, consumption of fructose, which may be a tumor promoter, has increased dramatically. We examined fructose-induced oxidative DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II), with or without the addition of H2O2. With isolated DNA, fructose induced Cu(II)-mediated DNA damage, including formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), to a greater extent than did glucose, and H2O2 enhanced the damage. In cultured human cells, 8-oxodG formation increased significantly following treatment with fructose and the H2O2-generating enzyme glucose oxidase. Fructose may play an important role in oxidative DNA damage, suggesting a possible mechanism for involvement of fructose in carcinogenesis.

Keywords: Copper; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Redox cycling; Sugar.

MeSH terms

  • 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine
  • Copper / pharmacology
  • DNA Damage
  • Deoxyguanosine*
  • Glucose
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide* / toxicity
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxidative Stress

Substances

  • 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine
  • Deoxyguanosine
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Glucose
  • Copper