Current management of uncommon EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer

Curr Probl Cancer. 2024 Apr:49:101064. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101064. Epub 2024 Feb 3.

Abstract

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are frequently implicated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Though these typically involve exon 19 in-frame deletions or L858R mutations in exon 21, uncommon EGFR mutations comprise 10-15 % of all EGFR mutations. These most frequently include G719X mutations in exon 18, L861Q mutations in exon 21, S768I mutations in exon 20, and in-frame insertions and/or duplications in exon 20. It is crucial to understand these distinct variants and their specific responses to active treatment options to optimize care. In this review, we discuss these uncommon mutations in depth and dissect the current literature regarding their treatment outcomes and subsequent evidence-based management guidelines.

Keywords: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); Non-small cell lung cancer; Uncommon EGFR; lung adenocarcinoma.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / pathology
  • ErbB Receptors* / genetics
  • Exons / genetics
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Mutation*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use

Substances

  • ErbB Receptors
  • EGFR protein, human
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Antineoplastic Agents