Demographic Characteristics Associated With Intentions to Receive the 2023-2024 COVID-19 Vaccine

Am J Prev Med. 2024 Jun;66(6):957-962. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.02.005. Epub 2024 Feb 9.

Abstract

Introduction: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna on September 11, 2023. Despite the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's recommendation that everyone aged ≥6 years receive the updated COVID-19 vaccine, the general public's intentions to receive the new 2023-2024 vaccine are unknown.

Methods: Intentions to receive the new COVID-19 vaccine and the demographic predictors of those intentions were assessed from a survey of adult residents, aged ≥18 years, of Los Angeles County, California conducted in October 2023.

Results: Of the 1,090 participants, 701 (64.3%) indicated they were planning on receiving the new COVID-19 vaccine, 217 (19.9%) responded no, and 172 (15.8%) were unsure. Male gender (versus female); age groups of 50-64 and ≥65 years (versus 18-29 years); and ≥$100,000 household income (versus ≤$49,999) were associated with higher odds of reporting yes than reporting no regarding their vaccination intentions. Asian and Hispanic race/ethnicity (versus Non-Hispanic White) were associated with higher odds of indicating not sure than the odds of indicating no vaccination intentions. A significantly higher proportion of not-sure respondents reported "I plan to wait and see if it is safe and may get it later", whereas a significantly higher proportion of no respondents reported "I don't believe I need a COVID-19 vaccine booster" and "I don't trust COVID-19 vaccines."

Conclusions: This study demonstrates demographic differences in attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination intentions and highlights the importance of promotional messages and initiatives that target more hesitant populations. These messages should address possible side effects and vaccine safety.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • COVID-19 Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intention*
  • Los Angeles
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United States
  • Vaccination / psychology
  • Vaccination / statistics & numerical data
  • Vaccination Hesitancy / psychology
  • Vaccination Hesitancy / statistics & numerical data
  • Young Adult