Characteristics of children requiring admission to neonatal care and paediatric intensive care before the age of 2 years in England and Wales: a data linkage study

Arch Dis Child. 2024 Apr 18;109(5):387-394. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325986.

Abstract

Objective: To quantify the characteristics of children admitted to neonatal units (NNUs) and paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) before the age of 2 years.

Design: A data linkage study of routinely collected data.

Setting: National Health Service NNUs and PICUs in England and Wales PATIENTS: Children born from 2013 to 2018.

Interventions: None.

Main outcome measure: Admission to PICU before the age of 2 years.

Results: A total of 384 747 babies were admitted to an NNU and 4.8% (n=18 343) were also admitted to PICU before the age of 2 years. Approximately half of all children admitted to PICU under the age of 2 years born in the same time window (n=18 343/37 549) had previously been cared for in an NNU.The main reasons for first admission to PICU were cardiac (n=7138) and respiratory conditions (n=5386). Cardiac admissions were primarily from children born at term (n=5146), while respiratory admissions were primarily from children born preterm (<37 weeks' gestational age, n=3550). A third of children admitted to PICU had more than one admission.

Conclusions: Healthcare professionals caring for babies and children in NNU and PICU see some of the same children in the first 2 years of life. While some children are following established care pathways (eg, staged cardiac surgery), the small proportion of children needing NNU care subsequently requiring PICU care account for a large proportion of the total PICU population. These differences may affect perceptions of risk for this group of children between NNU and PICU teams.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Intensive Care Units, Paediatric.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Critical Care
  • England / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Information Storage and Retrieval
  • Intensive Care Units, Pediatric*
  • State Medicine*
  • Wales / epidemiology