Promising response to vemurafenib and cobimetinib treatment for BRAF V600E mutated craniopharyngioma: a case report and literature review

CNS Oncol. 2024 Jan 1;13(1):CNS106. doi: 10.2217/cns-2023-0018. Epub 2024 Feb 13.

Abstract

Craniopharyngiomas are tumors that arise from the remnants of Rathke's pouch along the nasopharynx to the diencephalon. Current standard of care includes maximal surgical resection versus adjuvant radiation if a maximal resection is unfeasible. Pharmacological therapy with MAPK targeted agents is an emerging therapeutic option for tumors with BRAF V600E mutations. We report a 45-year-old male with a strictly third ventricle papillary craniopharyngioma with a BRAF V600E mutation. After initial surgery with subtotal resection, the patient demonstrated durable response to targeted BRAF and MEK inhibitor therapy with vemurafenib and cobimetinib. Our report suggests that targeted therapy may reduce the need for radiation and impact surgical interventions in select cases.

Keywords: BRAF inhibitors; BRAF mutation; MEK inhibitors; brain tumor; craniopharyngioma.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Azetidines*
  • Craniopharyngioma* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Piperidines*
  • Pituitary Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Pituitary Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Pituitary Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics
  • Vemurafenib / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Vemurafenib
  • cobimetinib
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Azetidines
  • Piperidines