Hoven's carp Leptobarbus hoevenii strategized metabolism needs to cope with changing environment

Suhaini Mohamad; Sharifah Rahmah; Rabiatul Adawiyyah Zainuddin; Yusnita A Thallib; Ros Suhaida Razali; Mohamad Jalilah; Mazlan Abd Ghaffar; Leong-Seng Lim; Yu Mei Chang; Li Qun Liang; Simon Kumar Das; Young-Mao Chen; Hon Jung Liew

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25559

Hoven's carp Leptobarbus hoevenii strategized metabolism needs to cope with changing environment

Heliyon. 2024 Feb 7;10(4):e25559. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25559. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.

Authors

Suhaini Mohamad¹, Sharifah Rahmah^{1

2}, Rabiatul Adawiyyah Zainuddin¹, Yusnita A Thallib¹, Ros Suhaida Razali¹, Mohamad Jalilah¹, Mazlan Abd Ghaffar^{1

3

4}, Leong-Seng Lim⁵, Yu Mei Chang⁶, Li Qun Liang⁶, Simon Kumar Das^{7

8}, Young-Mao Chen^{9

10}, Hon Jung Liew^{1

2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
² Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
³ Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
⁴ Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
⁵ Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
⁶ Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Harbin, China.
⁷ Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁸ Marine Ecosystem Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁹ Marine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
¹⁰ Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.

Abstract

Current water warming and freshwater acidification undoubtedly affect the life of aquatic animals especially ammonotelic teleost by altering their physiological responses. The effect of temperature (28 °C vs 32 °C) and pH (7 vs. 5) on the metabolic compromising strategies of Hoven's carp (Leptobarbus hoevenii) was investigated in this study. Fishes were conditioned to (i) 28 °C + pH 7 (N_28°C); (ii) 32 °C + pH 7 (N_32°C); (iii) 28 °C + pH 5 (L_28°C) and (iv) 32 °C + pH 5 (L_32°C) for 20 days followed by osmorespiration assay. Results showed that feeding performance of Hoven's carp was significantly depressed when exposed to low pH conditions (L_28°C and L_32°C). However, by exposed Hoven's carp to L_32°C induced high metabolic oxygen intake and ammonia excretion to about 2x-folds higher compared to the control group. As for energy mobilization, Hoven's carp mobilized liver and muscle protein under L_28°C condition. Whereas under high temperature in both pH, Hoven's carp had the tendency to reserve energy in both of liver and muscle. The findings of this study revealed that Hoven's carp is sensitive to lower water pH and high temperature, thereby they remodeled their physiological needs to cope with the environmental changes condition.

Keywords: Climate change; Energy; Osmorespiration; Physiology; Teleost.