Next-generation therapies for pancreatic cancer

Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Jan-Feb;18(1-3):55-72. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2024.2322648. Epub 2024 Feb 28.

Abstract

Introduction: Pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a frequently lethal malignancy that poses unique therapeutic challenges. The current mainstay of therapy for metastatic PDAC (mPDAC) is cytotoxic chemotherapy. NALIRIFOX (liposomal irinotecan, fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin) is an emerging standard of care in the metastatic setting. An evolving understanding of PDAC pathogenesis is driving a shift toward targeted therapy. Olaparib, a poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, has regulatory approval for maintenance therapy in BRCA-mutated mPDAC along with other targeted agents receiving disease-agnostic approvals including for PDAC with rare fusions and mismatch repair deficiency. Ongoing research continues to identify and evaluate an expanding array of targeted therapies for PDAC.

Areas covered: This review provides a brief overview of standard therapies for PDAC and an emphasis on current and emerging targeted therapies.

Expert opinion: There is notable potential for targeted therapies for KRAS-mutated PDAC with opportunity for meaningful benefit for a sizable portion of patients with this disease. Further, emerging approaches are focused on novel immune, tumor microenvironment, and synthetic lethality strategies.

Keywords: BRCA; KRAS; Poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor; homologous recombination repair; immune checkpoint blockade; pancreatic adenocarcinoma; targeted therapy; tumor microenvironment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents* / adverse effects
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal* / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal* / genetics
  • Fluorouracil / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Tumor Microenvironment

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Fluorouracil
  • Oxaliplatin