The impact of post-hepatectomy liver failure on long-term survival after liver resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

HPB (Oxford). 2024 Jun;26(6):808-817. doi: 10.1016/j.hpb.2024.02.016. Epub 2024 Feb 28.

Abstract

Background: Although post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) can accurately predict short-term mortality of liver resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA), its significance in predicting long-term overall survival (OS) is still uncertain.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on patients with pCCA who underwent liver resection between October 2013 and December 2018. The patients were divided into 3 groups; No PHF, PHLF (all grade) and grade B/C PHLF according to The International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS) criteria.

Results: A total of 177 patients were enrolled, 65 (36.7%) had PHLF; 25 (14.1%) had grade A, and 40 (22.6%) had grade B/C. Prior to surgery, patients with PHLF showed significantly greater bilirubin levels and CA 19-9 level than those without (11.5 vs 6.7 mg/dL, p = 0.002 and 232.4 vs 85.9 U/mL, p = 0.005, respectively). Additionally, pre-operative future liver remnant volume in PHLF group was lower than no PHLF group significantly (39.6% vs 43.5%, p = 0.006). Major complication and 90-day mortality were higher in PHLF group than no PHLF group (69.2% vs 20.5%, p < 0.001 and 29.2% vs 3.6%, p < 0.001, respectively). The OS in both grade A PHLF and grade B/C PHLF was significantly worse compared to no PHLF, with median survival times of 8.4, 3.3, and 19.2 months, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariable analysis revealed that PHLF was independently prognostic factor for long-term survival.

Conclusion: To achieve negative resection margin, the surgical resection in pCCA was aggressive, however this increased the risk of PHLF, which also affects the OS. Consequently, it is necessary for establishing a balance between aggressive surgery and PHLF.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Bile Duct Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Bile Duct Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Bile Duct Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Female
  • Hepatectomy* / adverse effects
  • Hepatectomy* / mortality
  • Humans
  • Klatskin Tumor* / mortality
  • Klatskin Tumor* / pathology
  • Klatskin Tumor* / surgery
  • Liver Failure* / etiology
  • Liver Failure* / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome