COVID-19-Related Work Absenteeism and Associated Lost Productivity Cost in Germany: A Population-Based Study

J Occup Environ Med. 2024 Jun 1;66(6):514-522. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003093. Epub 2024 Mar 14.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study is to estimate COVID-19 absenteeism and indirect costs, by care setting.

Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study using data from the German Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) database to define outpatient (April 2020-December 2021) and hospitalized (April 2020-October 2022) cohorts of employed working-aged individuals.

Results: In the outpatient cohort ( N = 369,220), median absenteeism duration and associated cost was 10.0 (Q1, Q3: 5.0, 15.0) days and €1061 (530, 1591), respectively. In the hospitalized cohort ( n = 20,687), median absenteeism and associated cost was 15.0 (7.0, 32.0) days and €1591 (743, 3394), respectively. Stratified analyses showed greater absenteeism in older workers, those at risk, and those with severe disease.

Conclusions: The hospitalized cohort had longer absenteeism resulting in higher productivity loss. Being older, at risk of severe COVID-19 and higher disease severity during hospitalization were important drivers of higher absenteeism duration.

MeSH terms

  • Absenteeism*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • COVID-19* / economics
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Cost of Illness
  • Efficiency*
  • Female
  • Germany / epidemiology
  • Hospitalization* / economics
  • Hospitalization* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Young Adult