Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping Identifies High Platelet Reactivity is Associated with Obesity, Diabetes, and Thrombotic Events

Ryan Hall; Sasha Suarez; Monica Majumdar; Ivy Lee; Nikolaos Zacharias; Denise Gee; Anahita Dua

doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2023.12.079

Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping Identifies High Platelet Reactivity is Associated with Obesity, Diabetes, and Thrombotic Events

Ann Vasc Surg. 2024 Jul:104:227-236. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.12.079. Epub 2024 Mar 14.

Authors

Ryan Hall¹, Sasha Suarez², Monica Majumdar², Ivy Lee², Nikolaos Zacharias², Denise Gee³, Anahita Dua²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
³ Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.

PMID: 38490537
DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.12.079

Abstract

Background: Metabolic comorbidities such as diabetes and obesity are considered pro-inflammatory states which theoretically increase the risk of perioperative thrombotic events across many surgical disciplines. Currently, there is a paucity of objective metrics to determine such risk and ideal pharmacologic targets. Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping (TEG-PM) provides a comprehensive profile of coagulation and may provide insight into clot dysregulation.

Methods: Patients undergoing lower extremity revascularization underwent serial TEG-PM analysis. The relationship between the TEG-PM metrics and thrombosis was evaluated. Preoperative TEG-PM samples of patients with body mass index (BMI)≥25 were compared to those of patients with a normal BMI, and between patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and those without.

Results: 218 TEG-PM samples from 202 patients were analyzed. The BMI≥25 cohort showed significantly greater platelet aggregation [81.9% (±20.9) vs. 68.6% (±27.7), P < 0.01]. Patients with DM were more frequently on full-dose anticoagulation [47.7% vs. 29.7% P = 0.01] yet demonstrated increased clot strength, or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-Maximum Clot Amplitude (MA) [49.1 (±16.1) vs. 41.5 (±17.1) and 37.7 (±19.6) vs. 31.6 (±17.4) P < 0.01]. 49 patients experienced thrombosis and exhibited greater platelet aggregation [76.6% (±17.8) vs. 66.8% (±30.4) P = 0.03] and greater ADP/arachidonic acid MA [47.1 (±16.6) vs. 41.9 (±18.8) and 38.2 (±17.8) vs. 32.5 (±19.9) both P = 0.05]. Patients who thrombosed were more often diabetic [69.5% versus 51.0% P = 0.03] and on full-dose anticoagulation [75.0% vs. 56.8% P = 0.02].

Conclusions: Patients with a BMI≥ 25 and those with diabetes demonstrated TEG-PM profiles similar to patients with thrombosis. Diabetes was independently associated with thrombosis, and full-dose anticoagulation was not protective. This suggests the potential utility of TEG-PM for thrombotic risk stratification based on metabolic factors and suggests antiplatelet agents may be effective at prevention of thrombotic events in this population.

MeSH terms

Aged
Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
Blood Coagulation / drug effects
Blood Platelets* / drug effects
Blood Platelets* / metabolism
Body Mass Index
Diabetes Mellitus* / blood
Diabetes Mellitus* / diagnosis
Female
Humans
Lower Extremity / blood supply
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity* / blood
Obesity* / complications
Obesity* / diagnosis
Peripheral Arterial Disease / blood
Peripheral Arterial Disease / diagnosis
Peripheral Arterial Disease / physiopathology
Platelet Activation
Platelet Aggregation
Platelet Function Tests
Predictive Value of Tests*
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Thrombelastography*
Thrombosis* / blood
Thrombosis* / etiology
Thrombosis* / prevention & control
Vascular Surgical Procedures / adverse effects

Substances

Anticoagulants