COVID-19 and worker mental distress

J Public Health (Oxf). 2024 May 29;46(2):250-255. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae032.

Abstract

Background: This analysis posits that COVID-19-related worker mental distress may be different for those continuously employed and for those who faced temporary job loss.

Methods: Mental distress during COVID-19 is characterized using two nationally representative surveys, the American Trend Panel (ATP) and the Household Pulse Survey (HPS). Using a probit model, we examine workplace perceptions for the mentally distressed in the ATP sample. We use graphical analysis to identify barriers to seeking mental healthcare using the 2021-22 HPS sample.

Results: In October 2020, the probability of mental distress increased between 7.1 and 9.1 percentage points in response to worsening work-life balance, lowered job security, lowered work productivity and lowered work satisfaction. Workers' perception of advancement denial and poor connectivity with coworkers increased the probability of mental distress by 3.0-5.8 percentage points. In October 2021, over 40% of workers who had experienced job loss reported mental distress as compared to 20% of those with jobs. Only 25% of those with mental distress sought counseling. These high levels of mental distress continued into October 2022.

Conclusions: Mitigation strategies for worker mental health should include prosocial nudges, attention to employment history, managerial sensitivity and worker resilience training.

Keywords: COVID-19; mental health; worker well-being.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / psychology
  • Employment / psychology
  • Employment / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Job Satisfaction
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Psychological Distress
  • SARS-CoV-2*
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Work-Life Balance
  • Workplace / psychology