Interplay between diphenyl diselenide and copper: Impact on D. melanogaster survival, behavior, and biochemical parameters

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2024 Jul:281:109899. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109899. Epub 2024 Mar 20.

Abstract

Copper (Cu2+) is a biologically essential element that participates in numerous physiological processes. However, elevated concentrations of copper have been associated with cellular oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Organo‑selenium compounds such as diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) have in vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties. Hence, we hypothesized that DPDS may modulate the toxicity of Cu2+ in Drosophila melanogaster. The acute effects (4 days of exposure) caused by a high concentration of Cu2+ (3 mM) were studied using endpoints of toxicity such as survival and behavior in D. melanogaster. The potential protective effect of low concentration of DPDS (20 μM) against Cu2+ was also investigated. Adult flies aged 1-5 days post-eclosion (both sexes) were divided into four groups: Control, DPDS (20 μM), CuSO4 (3 mM), and the combined exposure of DPDS (20 μM) and CuSO4 (3 mM). Survival, biochemical, and behavioral parameters were determined. Co-exposure of DPDS and CuSO4 increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS as determined by DFCH oxidation). Contrary to our expectation, the co-exposure reduced survival, body weight, locomotion, catalase activity, and cell viability in relation to control group. Taken together, DPDS potentiated the Cu2+ toxicity.

MeSH terms

  • Acetylcholinesterase / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / metabolism
  • Behavior, Animal* / drug effects
  • Benzene Derivatives* / pharmacology
  • Benzene Derivatives* / toxicity
  • Catalase / metabolism
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Copper / toxicity
  • Copper Sulfate / toxicity
  • Drosophila melanogaster* / drug effects
  • Female
  • Locomotion / drug effects
  • Male
  • Organoselenium Compounds* / pharmacology
  • Organoselenium Compounds* / toxicity
  • Oxidative Stress* / drug effects
  • Reactive Oxygen Species* / metabolism

Substances

  • diphenyldiselenide
  • Benzene Derivatives
  • Organoselenium Compounds
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Copper
  • Acetylcholinesterase
  • Antioxidants
  • Catalase
  • Copper Sulfate