Prognostic impact of insomnia in patients receiving trans-catheter aortic valve replacement

J Cardiol. 2024 Aug;84(2):113-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.03.009. Epub 2024 Apr 4.

Abstract

Background: The presence of insomnia exhibits a profound association with diverse cardiovascular pathologies. However, its prognostic implications in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe aortic stenosis remain ambiguous.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients who underwent TAVR for severe aortic stenosis at a prominent academic center from 2015 to 2022. The impact of insomnia, operationally defined as the prescription of soporific agents, on the two-year composite primary outcome comprising all-cause mortality and hospital readmissions was scrutinized.

Results: A cohort of 345 patients (median age 85 years, 99 males) was encompassed in the analysis. All subjects underwent successful TAVR and subsequent discharge. The presence of insomnia (N = 91) emerged as an independent predictor of the two-year composite endpoint, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.66 (95 % confidence interval 1.08-2.57, p = 0.022), significantly delineating the two-year cumulative incidence of the primary endpoint (40 % versus 30 %, p = 0.035).

Conclusion: Approximately one-fourth of TAVR candidates manifested symptoms of insomnia, a condition autonomously correlated with heightened mortality and morbidity following the TAVR procedure. The optimal strategy for addressing insomnia in TAVR candidates constitutes a paramount consideration for future interventions.

Keywords: Aortic stenosis; Heart failure; Hemodynamics; Sleep medicine.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis* / complications
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis* / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis* / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Patient Readmission / statistics & numerical data
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders* / etiology
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement* / adverse effects